Types of GERD

GERD is grouped by what is seen on endoscopy and by how it shows up. The type helps doctors judge severity and follow-up.

By endoscopy findings

• Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD): typical symptoms, but the food pipe looks normal. This is the most common form.
• Erosive oesophagitis: the lining is inflamed with erosions. It is graded from mild to severe (Los Angeles grades A to D).
• Barrett's oesophagus: the lining changes after long-term acid exposure. It needs regular surveillance.

By symptom pattern

• Typical GERD: heartburn and regurgitation
• Extra-oesophageal GERD: cough, hoarse voice, throat symptoms and asthma-like symptoms
• Nocturnal reflux: symptoms mainly at night, disturbing sleep
• Functional heartburn and reflux hypersensitivity: the food pipe is sensitive to even small or non-acid reflux

By group

• GERD in pregnancy: common and usually eases after delivery
• GERD in infants: spitting up is very common and often harmless, but poor feeding, poor weight gain or breathing trouble needs a paediatrician

Ayurvedic view

Ayurveda describes Amlapitta in upward (Urdhvaga) and downward (Adhoga) forms. This is an interpretive link, not a diagnosis.

Key point

Only a doctor can tell which type you have, and tests are chosen according to warning signs and response to treatment.

Before you see a doctor

Bring a list of all your medicines and supplements to the appointment, along with a note of when symptoms occur, what you ate, and whether they wake you at night. This helps your doctor choose the right tests and treatment without delay.