Stages of obesity

Obesity usually develops gradually. Looking at it in stages helps to act early and know when more help is needed.

Stage 1: overweight, no health problems

Weight is above the healthy range, but blood sugar, pressure and cholesterol are normal. Small habit changes such as walking, better sleep and less sugar can prevent progress.

Stage 2: obesity with early risk signs

Waist is large, and tests may show rising blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol or fatty liver. Structured lifestyle changes and medical follow-up are important.

Stage 3: obesity with related disease

Conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnoea, joint disease or fatty liver are present. Treatment of these conditions goes together with weight care. Medicines may be considered.

Stage 4: severe obesity with complications

Severe obesity with heart disease, breathing problems, mobility problems or severe liver disease. Specialist care and sometimes surgery are discussed.

Clinical staging

Doctors may use systems that combine BMI with health problems rather than weight alone, as two people with the same BMI may have very different risks.

Weight cycling

Losing and regaining weight is common. It does not mean failure. Long-term support helps.

Ayurvedic view

Ayurveda describes increase of Meda and Kapha in steps. This is interpretive.

Remember

The earlier you act, the easier it is. At any stage, a doctor can give a plan that is safe for you.

When to get help

See a doctor if you are gaining weight steadily, have a large waist or have symptoms such as breathlessness, snoring, joint pain or excessive thirst. Avoid crash diets, slimming teas and fat-burner products, and do not give herbs, supplements or weight-loss plans to children or teens without a paediatrician's advice. In an emergency call 112 or 102.