How to Treat or Cure Glaucoma

Glaucoma cannot be cured, and lost vision cannot be restored. Treatment lowers eye pressure to slow or stop further damage. The right option depends on the type and stage.

Eye drops

The usual first step for open-angle glaucoma. They are used daily for life in most people.

Laser treatment

• Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT): improves drainage in open-angle glaucoma
• Laser iridotomy: makes a small opening in the iris to relieve or prevent angle closure

Laser is quick, done in the clinic, and may reduce the need for drops.

Surgery

When drops and laser are not enough:

• Trabeculectomy or drainage tube surgery to create a new drainage path
• Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) in selected patients
• Cataract surgery may help in angle-closure glaucoma

Emergency care

Acute angle closure needs immediate medicines and laser in hospital.

Follow-up

Regular visits check pressure, optic nerve and fields. Treatment is adjusted if damage progresses.

Do not

• Stop drops because the eye feels normal
• Try home remedies in the eye
• Rely on herbs or supplements instead of treatment

Key point

Sudden eye pain, halos or vomiting: go to an eye hospital the same day or call 112 or 102.

Before your eye appointment

Carry your old reports, glasses and a list of all drops, tablets and supplements you use. Note any family history of glaucoma, diabetes or steroid use, and write down when symptoms occur. This helps your eye doctor choose the right tests and plan, and spot changes early.