Complications and risks of ovarian cancer

Complications can come from the cancer itself or from its treatment. Knowing them helps you get help early.

From the cancer

• Ascites: fluid in the abdomen causing swelling, discomfort and breathlessness
• Pleural effusion: fluid around the lungs
• Bowel obstruction: blockage causing vomiting, pain and constipation
• Blood clots: higher risk in the legs and lungs
• Kidney problems if a tumour blocks the urine drainage tubes
• Weight loss and malnutrition
• Spread to the liver, lungs or other organs, and return of the cancer after treatment

From treatment

• Surgery: infection, bleeding, bowel or bladder injury, early menopause, and loss of fertility
• Chemotherapy: infection from low white cells, anaemia, bleeding, nerve damage, hearing changes and hair loss
• PARP inhibitors: anaemia and, rarely, bone marrow problems
• Lymphoedema: swelling of the legs after node removal

Emotional and social effects

Worry, low mood, fear of recurrence, body image changes and relationship strain are common. Counselling and support groups help.

Ayurvedic view

Traditional texts do not describe these in modern terms. Supportive care for comfort can be used alongside medical treatment, not instead of it.

Emergency signs

Fever above 38 degrees C during chemotherapy, sudden breathlessness, chest pain, a swollen painful leg, severe belly pain, repeated vomiting or heavy bleeding need urgent care.

See a doctor if your belly is swelling, you cannot eat or pass stool, or symptoms return after treatment.

Remember

Many complications can be treated if reported early. Tell your team about new symptoms and seek support.