Prevention of Goiter

Not every goiter can be prevented, but the most common cause worldwide, iodine deficiency, can be.

Get enough iodine

• Use iodised salt in everyday cooking
• Store salt in a closed container away from heat and moisture, as iodine is lost over time
• Eat milk, eggs and fish as part of a balanced diet
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women need more iodine. Ask your doctor about the right amount.

Avoid too much iodine

Do not take kelp, seaweed supplements or iodine tonics without medical advice, as too much can also harm the thyroid.

Check early if at risk

• A family history of thyroid disease
• Women over 40, or after pregnancy
• People with other autoimmune conditions such as type 1 diabetes
• Those who have had neck radiation or take lithium or amiodarone

Ask your doctor about a TSH blood test.

Look after the thyroid

• Take prescribed thyroid medicine regularly
• Do not smoke, since smoking raises the risk of some thyroid conditions
• Attend follow-up visits

Ayurvedic view

Regular meals and avoiding heavy food are traditional suggestions. They are general habits, not proven to prevent goiter.

Key point

Early testing prevents complications. See a doctor for a new neck lump.

Before your appointment

Carry earlier thyroid reports, a list of medicines and supplements, and notes on swelling, weight change, heartbeat, mood and periods. Tell your doctor about any family history of thyroid disease and whether you are pregnant or planning pregnancy. This helps pick the right tests and treatment.