Medicines and products for otitis media

Treatment of otitis media depends on age, severity and type. A doctor should choose the medicine.

Pain and fever relief

• Paracetamol or ibuprofen in correct doses by weight and age
• Do not give aspirin to children because of the risk of Reye syndrome

Antibiotics

• Not always needed. Many mild infections clear on their own in older children.
• Often given for babies under 6 months, severe symptoms, both ears infected, or discharge
• Amoxicillin is a common first choice. Others are used for allergy or treatment failure.
• Finish the full course unless the doctor advises otherwise

Ear drops

• Antibiotic or steroid drops for discharge through a perforated eardrum, as prescribed
• Painkilling drops are not for use if the eardrum may be perforated
• Do not use leftover drops or those from another person

Other options

• Decongestants and antihistamines are generally not recommended in children for ear infection
• Grommets (ear tubes) for repeated infections or long-lasting fluid with hearing loss
• Surgery such as tympanoplasty or mastoid surgery for chronic disease or cholesteatoma

Ayurvedic and herbal products

Ear oils and drops are sold widely. Their safety and effect are not proven, and some can harm an eardrum that has a hole. Avoid unlabelled products.

See a doctor if pain or fever is not better in 48 hours after starting antibiotics, or if rash, vomiting or swelling develops.

When to get help

See a doctor or ENT clinic if ear pain, discharge or hearing change does not settle in a couple of days, if infections keep coming back, or if you are unsure about any medicine or drop. Early assessment protects hearing and helps avoid unnecessary treatment.

Remember

Right medicine, right dose, right time. Do not self-prescribe antibiotics or drops.