Sinusitis in special cases (pregnancy, children, elderly)

Sinusitis needs a little extra care in pregnancy, in children and in older adults, mainly because of medicine safety and different warning signs.

Pregnancy

• Hormone changes can swell the nasal lining (pregnancy rhinitis), making blockage and sinus problems more common.
• Safe self-care: saline rinse or spray, steam, warm compresses, extra fluids, rest and sleeping with the head raised.
• Paracetamol is generally preferred for pain and fever. Avoid ibuprofen and other NSAIDs unless a doctor agrees.
• Many decongestant tablets and some herbal products are not advised. Ask a doctor before using any medicine or herb.
• Steroid nasal sprays and some antibiotics may be considered by the doctor when needed.
• See a doctor for fever, severe facial pain, or symptoms lasting more than 10 days.

Children

• Most children with a cold have a runny nose for 7 to 10 days. Suspect sinusitis if symptoms last more than 10 days without improvement, if there is a high fever with thick discharge for 3 days, or if they worsen after improving.
• Use saline drops or spray, fluids and rest. Do not use steam, which can cause burns, and do not put oils or herbs in a child's nose.
• Avoid cough and cold medicines in young children, and never give aspirin.
• Do not give honey to babies under 12 months.
• Seek urgent care for swelling around the eyes, a stiff neck, drowsiness, or a baby who is feeding poorly or has a high fever.
• Enlarged adenoids and allergies are common reasons for repeated sinus problems.

Older adults

• Symptoms may be milder, and fever may be absent. Dental problems or other conditions can look like sinusitis.
• Medicines such as decongestants may raise blood pressure or cause urinary problems, so check with a doctor.
• People with diabetes or weak immunity should seek earlier care, since fungal and complicated infections are more likely.

Ayurvedic view (interpretive) Nasya and strong herbal remedies should be avoided in pregnancy, in young children and in frail older adults unless a qualified doctor advises them.

Remember Choose medicines with a doctor in these groups, and seek urgent care for swelling around the eye, severe headache or confusion.